Listen to music and use 7% less oxygen
Music is more than just pleasant sounds - it's a powerful force that can significantly impact our minds and bodies. While there's still much to learn, scientists have made remarkable discoveries about how our brains process music and how it affects our overall well-being. Let's explore the fascinating world of music and its effects on human health.
How Music Engages Your Brain
1. Brain Activity and Development
- Music engages multiple areas of the brain simultaneously
- Learning an instrument at a young age can enhance vocabulary and reasoning skills
- Musicians have more nerve bundles in the left side of the brain
2. Creativity and Problem-Solving
- Moderate ambient noise can boost creativity
- Music may help repair brain damage
3. Memory and Cognition
- Music aids in memorising lyrics and tunes
- Potential for treating neurological disorders
The Emotional Power of Music
1. Perceived vs. Felt Emotions
- Listening to sad music doesn't always make you feel sad
- Study reveals complex emotional responses to music
2. Mood Enhancement
- Music can boost overall mood
- Better mood linked to improved social behaviour, physical health and relationship satisfaction
3. Romance and Relationships
- Music can increase libido by boosting serotonin levels
- Women listening to romantic music more likely to get dates
Music and Physical Health
1. Exercise Performance
- Music can boost endurance and improve energy efficiency
- Optimal beats per minute (BPM) for motivation: up to 145 BPM
- Spotify's pace-matching technology for runners
2. Healing and Therapy
- The Mozart Effect: potential benefits for epilepsy and coma patients
- Music therapy for various conditions:
- COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
- Alzheimer's
- Chronic pain
- Diabetes
- Cardiac conditions
3. Singing for Health
- Improves brain functionality, especially in elderly with chronic conditions
- Benefits for Parkinson's disease patients
- Improves respiratory health in COPD patients
The Science of Music Therapy
1. What is Music Therapy?
- Uses musical techniques like wind instruments, live music, visualization and singing
- Part of an integrated approach to treatment plans
2. Benefits of Music Therapy
- Eases respiratory symptoms
- Improves quality of life and well-being
- Boosts confidence and engagement
- Enhances task efficiency
3. Applications in Healthcare
- Recognised as a complementary treatment alongside traditional medicine
- Used in support groups and individual treatment plans
The power of music extends far beyond entertainment. From boosting brain function and creativity to improving physical health and emotional well-being, music plays a crucial role in our lives. As research continues, we're likely to uncover even more ways that music can enhance our health and happiness.
Increasing your fibre intake could help your lungs
Fibre is already well known for its benefits in preventing heart attacks, diabetes and some cancers but also recent research has shown that it may also help to ward off lung disease, even if you are still smoking and regardless of BMI.
“While it’s impossible to say if eating more fiber will offset the effect of smoking on your lungs, it does improve lung function, both in smokers and in non-smokers as well," explains nutrition expert Corrine Hanson.
As the nation ages, the number of people with COPD is projected to grow, creating a major national health problem for which the only preventative strategy is to give up smoking.
“Many people can’t give up smoking, which is one of the reasons why we are so excited about this study,” says Hanson, an associate professor at the University of Nebraska Medical Center.
In the study those who ate a high fibre diet had significantly improved lung function, exhaled more air and had less airway restriction compared to those that did not follow the diet.
Although, at its highest level, the effects of dietary fibre did not quite offset smoking, it still showed benefits equivalent to using an inhaler, Hanson says. He believes this may be due to its anti-inflammatory benefits, which may also explain why it helps to prevent cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other ailments as well. Fibre has been shown to exhibit both anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, which have been implicated in both the development and progression of lung disease. Fibre also plays a key role in the formation of beneficial gut bacteria which has increasingly been found to be involved in good overall health.
Here are tips on boosting the fibre content of your diet:
- Wash but don’t peel fruits and vegetables. Eating the skin and membranes ensures that you get every bit of A baked potato with the skin has twice the fibre of a potato without the skin.
- Eat raw vegetables. Cooking them may reduce fibre content by breaking fibre down into its carbohydrate components. To avoid this effect, cook, microwave, or steam vegetables only until they are 'al dente' – tender, but still firm to the bite.
- Choose whole fruits, vegetables. Juice does not contain as much fibre from the skin and membranes of whole fruits and veggies, and can also contain added sugar.
- Add bran or wheat germ to casseroles, meatloaf, and cooked cereal. Each tablespoon of bran adds more than 1 gram of fibre and can barely be detected when blended with some cereal or a casserole.
- Add vegetables to casseroles, soups, salads, sandwiches, pasta, and rice dishes. For example, simply add a cup of broccoli to a pasta dish for an extra 2 grams of
Hansen also says "there are very few interventional strategies for the prevention of COPD, with the exception of smoking cessation. This is a non-invasive, very inexpensive strategy that may be good for your lungs."
If you do decide to alter your diet and increase your fibre intake then ensure you consult your doctor and ensure you maintain your usage of medication and oxygen therapy.
References: http://www.newsmax.com and http://www.medpagetoday.com
CARNTINE COULD HELP COMBAT YOUR FATIGUE SYMPTOMS
For those that suffer with chronic conditions such as COPD one of the major symptoms that patients suffer with is fatigue and it is important to try and combat this as mobility and exercise is crucial to help curb the disease and its symptoms. Oxygen therapy has been shown to help combat fatigue as the additional oxygen getting into your blood stream will help to supply more oxygen to your cells to help them to function more efficiently and your brain and body in general will feel more alert and active. However if oxygen therapy does not combat your fatigue then eating carnitine-enriched foods or by taking carnitine supplements, could help to combat this.
Our bodies produce carnitine naturally in most of our cells from amino acids and it plays a crucial role in energy production within the mitochondria of our cells. It is thought that faulty mitochondria play a vital role in diseases such as COPD and that this may be the cause of the fatigue experienced by patients with chronic conditions as the mitochondria cannot perform its duties and one of these is to produce energy for the cell.
Carnitine transports fatty acids to the mitochondria so they can use it to produce energy and also helps to transport waste products out of the mitochondria to prevent buildup.
A lack of carnitine in our body could be due to a genetic problem or due to metabolic disturbances caused by disease but normally it is produced in sufficient amounts in the liver and kidneys. It has other properties such as being an antioxidant and fights off free radicals, which can damage the cells.
Supplements can be taken or there are foods that contain high levels of carnitine such as beef steak and other red meats, milk, chicken breast and cheddar cheese.
A recent study looking at the effect of taking carnitine when suffering from conditions such as COPD found that 'these supplements can reduce significantly the fatigue and other symptoms associated with chronic disease and can naturally restore mitochondrial function, even in long-term patients with intractable fatigue." Other studies have also shown that carnitine supplementation can help with blood supply problems, heart defects and attacks and Alzeihmer's. Even athletes use carnitine supplementation to help improve performance and reduce muscle fatigue.
References: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com
Sensors that could internally monitor your body then dissolve and Vanish!
The medical world has used sensors for a long time now from pacemakers to insulin pumps to help monitor various bodily signals from blood pressure to heart rate but these sensors are cumbersome, involve wires, internal sensors require surgical implantation and removal and they can get in the way of clothing and mobility. The standard hardware also carries risks of causing infection, scarring and provoking immune reactions and rejection. With ever increasing numbers of people living longer and suffering from long-term chronic conditions, the need for being able to monitor your body more effectively and in more detail in order for medicine to be most effective in treatment has also increased.
Technology has advanced enough now that scientists have created tiny sensors that can be positioned internally or externally on your body and are made of materials that can just simply dissolve away once their duty has been performed.
They would constantly monitor the functioning of your organs and tissues, transmit this information to your computer, harmlessly dissolve in the body when their job is done and detect the earliest sign of malfunction when medical intervention is easiest. Some of these devices can even make medical interventions themselves. The new electronic devices are woven into the body, do not provoke an immune reaction and are almost imperceptible to the user. “Epidermal electronics” are very thin patches that stick on the skin and can accommodate the normal bending, stretching and swelling motions of the body. These devices are biodegradable and packed with sensors that can detect almost all the vital signs, including temperature, pulse, heart electrical activity, hydration, Parkinson’s disease tremors and can detect increased stiffness in arteries, which is a predictor of heart attacks.
The dissolving electronic implant is like a more sophisticated version of dissolving sutures, but can be injected into organs and cavities and come with WiFi. The chips are made from silicon, which is inert and wont provoke an immune reaction and magnesium of which we have a RDA of 8 of these chips a day so it wont cause an overdose. A polymer coat keeps the chip from dissolving straight away but slowly wears away over a few days; the thicker the coating the longer the sensor will last.
Sensors like this will revolutionize treatment as sensors can monitor exactly what is going on inside our bodies every second of the day. It will enable scientists and doctors to understand how disease progresses and why to enable new treatments and medications as well as allowing the patient to be monitored more closely from blood pressure and oxygen levels to temperature and internal brain pressure and concentration levels of various compounds within our bodies such as medications.
With those with chronic or long-term conditions such as COPD, heart disease, transplant or cancer patients on-going monitoring can indicate to doctors at the earliest possible moment when treatment needs to be altered to reduce further damage to your body and to improve your outcome. It can also indicate the earliest moment of rejection of tissue to allow an immediate response. Being able to adjust oxygen therapy flow or medications on a daily basis depending on your health status at that moment with allow for an improved quality of life as you can be more in control of your own treatment and it will always be the most optimal level of treatment as well as being more carefully understood and monitored to allow for a better outcome or increased life expectancy.
References: http://www.irishtimes.com and http://www.extremetech.com
Bronchiectasis is making a come-back
This lung disease from the 1800's has begun to reappear again, especially among the elderly. Historically cases were due to untreated chest infections where antibiotics weren't readily available and the poorer part of the community suffered with it more.
Research data from the NHS shows that of the 12000 patients admitted with Bronchiectasis in 2013-2014 most of them were over 60 years of age. Cases have doubled in the last decade among those aged 70 and over and now more than 1 in every 100 in this category will be affected.
Bronchiectasis occurs when the airways of the lungs become abnormally widened, which results in chronic inflammation due to the inability to clear mucus secretions in the airway passages leading to a build-up of mucus. The excess mucus also harbours bacteria which can lead to worsening of the condition due to frequent infections. Symptoms typically include a chronic cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, fatigue, coughing up blood, and chest pain, along with worsening respiratory function. Inhaled antibiotics, bronchodilators, physical methods of dislodging mucus and oxygen therapy are all part of the treatment for this disease.
Experts agree that bronchiectasis may occur in people who suffered an infection in childhood such as pneumonia or whooping cough, which damage the lung. Underlying problems with the immune system and allergies are also thought to play a role. This is a main factor as to why the elderly are susceptible as with age comes a compromised immune system.
Bronchiectasis tends to occur as an after-effect of a chest infection such as whooping cough, tuberculosis, pneumonia or measles - particularly if the infection was not treated with antibiotics. Damage to the bronchi takes years to build up and symptoms don't tend to start until middle age, even if the original infection was years earlier.
'Antibiotics only really came in on a regular basis in the Sixties and Seventies,' says Professor Brown.'But we also see people who had antibiotics and despite that have bronchiectasis. Even if you treat it, the infection can still cause scarring, it's just less likely.'
The disease is incurable and although infections can be treated with antibiotics, there are concerns that the bacteria is becoming resistant to drugs.
Surprisingly more women are affected than men for no known reason other than for the fact that rheumatoid arthritis is a high risk factor for developing Bronchiectasis and this condition is more common in women. Also patients tend to be more affluent. 'We found the disease has had a resurgence in recent years, particularly among more well-off members of society,' says Jeremy Brown, a professor of respiratory infection at University College London. 'It could be partly down to improved diagnosis in these groups, but whatever the reason we need better treatment options.'
The study found that 42% of people with bronchiectasis also had asthma and 36% had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This is an important finding and can help with long-term management of these conditions. A study has found that COPD can be predictive of developing Bronchiectasis but that also this then makes the outcome for the COPD patient a lot graver.
The reasons for this disease increasing in certain groups is being investigated but it could be that it is running alongside the fact that diagnosis for other predictive diseases like COPD has improved in recent years but as to the reason why it is more prevalent in middle-class patients is unknown. With this rise of cases in recent years more research is now underway to improve treatment and to investigate the disease's coexistence with other diseases such as COPD.
References: http://home.bt.com and http://bronchiectasisnewstoday.com and http://www.dailymail.co.uk
Lupus and PH
PH or Pulmonary Hypertension is a disease that causes high blood pressure in the lungs due to narrowing in the pulmonary arteries by thickening of the vessel walls. It results in the heart having to work harder to pump the blood and the organ can become enlarged and weakened leading to heart failure. It can be caused by an underlying disease such as Lupus.
Lupus is a less common disease that many people haven't heard of. It is an autoimmune disease that occurs when the immune system attacks healthy tissues resulting in inflammation, swelling, pain and cell tissue damage. There are different types of Lupus but the most severe is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Symptoms range from mild to severe, and many people will have long periods with few or no symptoms before experiencing a sudden flare-up, where their symptoms are particularly severe. Even mild cases can be distressing and have a considerable impact on a person’s quality of life. Lupus is a complicated condition and common symptoms are fatigue, joint pain and swelling and rashes, however the disease can cause systemic damage and can effect organs like the kidney, heart and lungs.
They are both very separate diseases and PH does not cause Lupus however Lupus can cause PH. Patients suffer from shortness of breath, fatigue and fluid retention; symptoms also seen in patients with PH. The development of lupus-associated PH is not completely understood and “it is not yet known, for example, whether lupus itself can directly cause PH, or whether lupus is simply a trigger for the development of [PH] in susceptible individuals,” the report explains.
It is more common in female patients to develop lupus and PH at a younger age (15-50 years) than those that traditionally develop PH alone. PH can worsen the symptoms of Lupus and it is important to diagnose it early. Individuals should be aware of swelling in the feet, ankles, legs and abdomen, difficulty in breathing, chest pain, light-headedness and fainting.
There is currently no cure for either PH or Lupus but there are treatments that can help to ease the symptoms. Medications to help with inflammation, swelling and to ease blood pressure as well as measures to deal with fluid balance and supplemental oxygen to help with breathlessness and oxygen levels in the blood. Oxygen therapy helps with both diseases simultaneously; by helping to reduce inflammation and increasing blood oxygen levels which helps in tissue repair to reducing breathlessness, easing the hypertension and decreasing blood pressure among many other benefits. If Lupus is in association with the PH then immuno-suppressive medications can sometimes be administered which help with the inflammation and irritation in the body however they can also cause damage in the blood vessels in the lungs which can be counterproductive. Lupus is still very much an unknown disease and with time and understanding of its processes there will hopefully be more effective treatments in the future that could ease Lupus symptoms as well as PH symptoms if the patient suffers with both conditions.
References: http://pulmonaryhypertensionnews.com and http://www.nhs.uk
COPD can cause brain changes that increases pain, fear and breathlessness
A recent study has revealed that patients with COPD exhibit a decrease of grey brain matter in certain areas of the brain that are responsible for processing breathlessness, fear and sensitivity to pain.
COPD is often accompanied by anxiety and depression as well as a fear of dyspnea and physical activity which contribute to the disabling effect of the disease and fuels the downward spiral of avoidance of physical activity and subsequent reduction in health and quality of life.
Unfortunately, little is known about underlying brain processes in patients with COPD and the relationship with disease duration and disease-specific fears but this recent study is starting to help to change that. The results revealed that patients with COPD showed a decrease in grey brain matter volume in specific areas of the brain, namely the cingulate cortex, hippocampus and amygdala. The levels of degeneration were also directly linked to length of disease, so the longer the patient has had the disease the greater the decrease in brain matter. The individuals showed a greater fear of breathlessness and fear of physical activity where there was also a reduction in brain matter in these areas and again was directly linked to length of time having had been diagnosed. Proving that over time COPD patients will suffer and decrease in brain matter in specific areas of the brain which affects their ability to process fear and as a result become increasingly breathless and more fearful of physical activity.
This increasing fear has a detrimental affect on the course of the disease and on quality of life. Exercise and keeping active is extremely important for COPD patients to ensure their condition doesn't deteriorate. Therefore “targeting disease-specific fears in patients with COPD might not only improve outcomes of clinical interventions such as pulmonary rehabilitation, but also reverse structural brain changes in these patients,” concluded the research team.
This study helps to prove just how complicated the disease is; how it also affects the brain and its impact upon your mental and emotional state. Hopefully they'll discover a treatment to combat these effects upon the structures of the brain but until then it is even more important to ensure you take medication and supplemental oxygen to keep you as alert and as medically fit as possible so you are able to keep active and enjoy your life. Oxygen has a great positive effect on your brain and on your emotional and mental state and is a great treatment at the moment to combat these side effects in the brain.
References: http://lungdiseasenews.com
CPAP can help ease many symptoms
Fibromyalgia is a condition where a person will experience all-over body pain due to their being unable to sleep because of the body pain, which is a vicious cycle. It is linked to sleep disorders such as sleep apnea, insomnia and restless leg syndrome.
Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a condition that causes a person to feel an overwhelming urge to move their legs when laying down and they experience tingling, aching and itching sensations. Restless leg syndrome is classified as a neurological disorder that can impair a person’s ability to fall asleep.
Fibromyalgia and sleep disorders go hand in hand as pain causes the individual to not be able to sleep and the lack of sleep leads to more pain. If a person manages to get some proper sleep then the symptoms start to ease.
A study revealed that those who suffer from obstructive sleep apnea may also have Fibromyalgia and they also found that using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) was an effective treatment for both conditions. A CPAP device is a machine that supplies oxygen continuously via a face mask while you sleep to prevent any obstructed breathing.
Another study found that patients with Fibromyalgia have a high risk of developing or already having restless leg syndrome by ten fold. Sleep disruption can cause the development of RLS but also having RLS can lead to developing Fibromyalgia.
Due to the interlinking nature of all these conditions, then by treating one you can ease or prevent other conditions from developing. CPAP can treat sleep apnea and aid in a patient getting a proper night's sleep which will in turn ease Fibromyalgia symptoms and can in turn also ease or prevent RLS. Also treating the Fibromyalgia or RLS can reduce the pain and aid in getting a proper night's sleep.
CPAP machines have a mask that fits over the nose and mouth that provides constant airflow, keeping the airway open and the sleeper breathing throughout the night. CPAP machines also track breathing changes and that data is used by health care professionals to adjust, as needed, the air pressure as well as possibly add additional treatments or medications for maximum effectiveness. Because some of the most effective CPAP machines are rather robust and cumbersome when it comes to traveling many leave their machines at home. A travel CPAP machine is a smaller, more compact version of a traditional CPAP. They don't include a humidifier but most people are willing to give this up for the convenience. Many of the newer travel CPAP machines also have the benefit of being able to monitor and record sleep data.
Whether you have a sleep condition that worsens your Fibromyalgia or your Fibromyalgia wrecks your sleep, sleep can improve Fibromyalgia Here are some tips to help those with Fibromyalgia improve their sleep.
- Don’t oversleep – only sleep the length of time you need to feel refreshed.
- Keep a sleep diary so you can review what woke you and other sleep factors.
- Stick to a sleep schedule.
- Use relaxation therapies – this may also improve RLS.
- Exercise regularly.
- Create a proper sleeping environment – cool temperature and a dark room.
- Avoid long daytime naps.
- Don’t go to sleep hungry or on a very-full stomach.
- Avoid caffeine prior to bed.
References: http://www.belmarrahealth.com and http://www.huffingtonpost.com
Dubai
Dubai has a misunderstood reputation of being unsafe, all about the 'bling' and the rich, being soul-less and being intolerable to non-Islamist visitors. However this is a misconception and if you scratch the glittery surface you'll find a culture, open-minded and warm city. More than a million Brits have holidays in Dubai each year, which is more than the total number of people who go skiing across the world. Dubai has risen from the sand in just 25 years and boats the biggest, tallest, fastest and most expensive of everything.
Dubai does enjoy having the biggest and best of everything and holds many records from the tallest building on Earth to the world's biggest shopping centre.
If you want to remain in a resort then The Palm is the place to be; a man-made peninsular in the shape of a palm tree by a man-made lagoon with a spectacular hotel resort-cum-fantasy castle. It allows you to hop in a fish tank and be surrounded with 60,00 fish, hammerhead sharks and stingrays. There's snorkel sessions at the aquarium among the sharks and stingrays which you can also feed. On the 42 acre site there are 2 lake-sized swimming pools, a water park and a beach. 23 restaurants offers you a huge range of places to eat offering a huge range of cuisines so you can eat in a different place each day.
Nearby to the resort there are other beaches and an array of restaurants as well as the Dubai Mall which is the biggest in the world and is larger than 50 football pitches. It is attached to the worlds tallest building the Burj Khalifa tower with an observation deck on the 124th floor. There is the Dubai aquarium and underwater zoo with amazing creatures from all over the world and an Olympic-sized ice rink and 22 screen cinema. Most hotels and public buildings also smell amazing due to perfumed air-con which just adds to the experience.
Its difficult to remember that most of Dubai is actually covered in sand but an evening desert safari will quickly remind you of this fact and after a camel ride and meal by an open fire you can spend the night in the desert under the stars.
Dubai offers luxury and glitz and glamour in every aspect you can think of and you definitely find ways to pamper yourself while you are there. On the flip-side there is also the tradition, culture and history of the region with traditional dancers and entertainment as well as museums to visit. Dubai is proud to be tolerant of all religions and races and has a variety of churches and temples as well as openly celebrating other religious holidays such as Christmas and Easter with decorations proudly put up and Christmas tunes playing in the shops. Female expats remark upon how safe they feel living here and the city is practically crime and violence free. It definitely has a lot more to offer than just being an adult Disneyland and is enjoyable for all ages. The temperatures do climb however and therefore winter-time is the preferable time of year to visit.
Even though Dubai is a bit further to travel to, it is still a viable travel destination if you have medical requirements, as companies such as Oxygen Worldwide now provide medical oxygen to Dubai as well as to the majority of countries around the world. It is mostly flat and with air-con in most buildings you can keep cool in the heat and with portable concentrators you can move around and explore and enjoy all of what Dubai has to offer.
References: http://www.dailymail.co.uk and www.mirror.co.uk and http://www.telegraph.co.uk
'ORGAN-ON-A-CHIP' technology could be the future
A research team at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University have used their new 'organ-on-a-chip' technology to develop a model of the human airway so that diseases such as COPD can be studied outside of the human body to allow researchers to gain new insights into the disease mechanisms, identify biomarkers and test new drugs.
Diseases such as COPD and asthma are inflammatory reactions in the lungs whether to smoking, inhaled particles or bacterial/viral infections. It is already known that many of the disease processes occur in the alveoli however much less is known about how inflammation starts off these reactions and why these processes react in the way that they do. For example the reason why the body recruits white blood cells and the build-up of mucus, both of which compromises the patient's lungs or the cause and reasoning behind exacerbations.
A new microfluidic model of the lung has been created of the lung's small airways made with chips lined with cells from both normal donors and diseased patients. This model is like looking inside an actual patient and “recapitulates critical features of asthma and COPD with unprecedented fidelity and detail” explains Donald Ingber. Now with this micro-engineered human lung small airway lung inflammatory diseases over several weeks can be studied in order to gain better insight into disease mechanisms, as well as screen for new therapeutic drugs.
This device closely mimics the 3D cellular architecture of an actual human small airway and contains fully matured human small airway epithelium with different cell types and channels containing all the components that you have in your lungs including white blood cells and nutrients. The device can keep itself 'alive' for a few weeks before starting to deteriorate. Inflammatory situations such as asthma and COPD can be simulated by adding an asthma-inducing immune factor or by setting up the system with lung epithelial cells from a COPD patient and then researchers can observe the different ways that the airways react in different situations. In both cases, the team was not only able to observe highly disease- and cell type-specific changes but could also exacerbate them with agents simulating viral or bacterial infection.
Demand for such a device is high due to the fact that the inflammatory response is so complex and internalised that it cannot be adequately studied in humans or animals and there are no known drugs that can stop and start the inflammation processes so that you could potentially get a snap-shot of what was going on.
This new organ-on-a-chip technology has provided researchers with a window on a molecular scale to be able to observe the activities of living human tissue and allows them to break down the processes and interactions of specific cell types and immune system components so as to understand why the diseases progress in the way they do and ideas on how this could be prevented based on the interactions between the lung tissue and the immune system, whether this be by manipulating the immune system response or by developing new drugs to counteract the effects.
"This novel ability to build small airway chips with cells from individual patients with diseases like COPD positions us and others now to investigate the effects of genetic variability, specific immune cell populations, pharmaceutical candidates and even pandemic viruses in an entirely new and more personalized way; one that will hopefully increase the likelihood of success of future therapeutics," said Ingber.
References: http://medicalxpress.com
